1.The Universal Declaration on Human Rights of the United Nations General Assembly, December 10, 1948

Article 17

Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.







2. The European Convention for the Protection
of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms

Article 1 of the Protocol 1 to the Convention:

Every natural or legal person is entitled to the peaceful enjoyment of his possessions. No one shall be deprived of his possessions except in the public interest and subject to the conditions provided for by law and by the general principles of international law.
The preceding provisions shall not, however, in any way impair the right of a State to enforce such laws as it deems necessary to control the use of property in accordance with the general interest or to secure the payment of taxes or other contributions or penalties.




3. The European Parliament Declaration of fundamental rights and freedoms. (Doc. A2-3/89, J.O. No. C 120/51)

Article 9:

The right of ownership shall be guaranteed. No one shall be deprived of their possessions except where deemed necessary in the public interest and in the cases and subject to the conditions provided for by law and subject to fair compensation.





4. The European Charter of Fundamental Rights (Nice)

Article 17: Right to Property.

Everyone has the right to own, use, dispose of and bequeath his or her lawfully acquired possessions. Noone may be deprived of his or her possessions except in the public interest and in cases and under the conditions provided for by law subject to fair compensation being paid in good time for their loss. The use of property may be regulated by law in so far as is necessary for the general interest.






5. The Declaration of Rights of Man and the Citizen (French Revolution, 1789)

Article 2. The aim of every political association is the preservation of the natural and imprescriptible rights of man. These rights are liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression.

Article 17. Property being a sacred to and inviolable right, no one can be deprived of it, unless illegally established public necessity evidently demands it, under the condition of a just and prior indemnity.